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Turned Windrow Composting Can Benefit Your Farm

Close-up of a field of wheat against a blurred blue sky

Producing nutrient-rich compost quickly is crucial for optimum results. One effective method for achieving this is through aerated, turned windrow composting. Large-scale farms, in particular, benefit from high-quality compost, as it helps to reduce capital and operating costs. With tight deadlines tied to plant and harvesting schedules, establishing a regular composting routine is vital for success. The following will detail the best method for large-scale composting and how to effectively maintain windrows for efficient production.

How composting can benefit your farm

Composting offers a plethora of benefits that can greatly enhance your farm’s sustainability and profitability. For farm owners, it provides a method to recycle organic waste into a valuable soil amendment, which can improve soil structure, water retention, and aeration for future crops. The rich nutrient content of compost can lead to healthier crop yields and can reduce the need for chemical fertilizers, thus saving on input costs. Also, by integrating composting into your operations, you can contribute to environmental conservation efforts by reducing methane emissions from landfills.

The best method for producing large amounts of compost

The best way to produce compost is by aerating and turning it. You will need to use a windrow turner to blend the compost more efficiently, especially since you will be working with larger piles of material. You can quickly produce compost by turning it on a weekly basis. This method of composting may bring to mind large windrows that are piled high and wide. However, the size of each windrow is dictated by the size of your turner. The larger your turner, the larger your piles. Just because you need a large amount of compost does not mean you have to use large windrows. Your farm can operate large-scale composting by utilizing a medium-sized turner on multiple windrows. Most windrows are about eight feet high and twenty feet wide, so plan according to your available space as well as the size of your compost turner.

Maintaining windrows for efficient composting

Once you have established your windrows, it is essential to maintain them properly for efficient production. This includes regular monitoring of temperatures, moisture, and oxygen levels.

Aeration

One of the most crucial factors is aeration. Turning the compost increases oxygen levels, which speeds up decomposition and promotes the growth of beneficial microorganisms. Properly aerating your windrows also prevents the formation of anaerobic pockets that can lead to foul odors and slow down the composting process.

Moisture levels

Another important factor is moisture control. The ideal moisture level for efficient composting is between 40-60%. This can be achieved by regularly monitoring and adjusting the moisture levels in your windrows. Too much moisture can lead to a smelly, slimy mess, while too little can slow down decomposition.

Temperature

It is also vital to monitor the temperature in your windrows. The ideal temperature range for efficient composting is between 110-160 degrees Fahrenheit. This can be achieved by turning the windrows regularly and ensuring proper aeration. A consistent temperature indicates that the microbes responsible for decomposition are actively working to break down the organic materials.

Carbon-to-nitrogen ratio

In addition to these maintenance tasks, it is essential to monitor the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. The ideal ratio for efficient composting is between 25:1 to 40:1. Too much carbon can slow down the process, while too much nitrogen can lead to a smelly, ammonia-like odor. Regularly testing and adjusting this ratio as needed will help ensure optimal compost production.

How to protect compost in rainy areas

Ideally, your windrows will be kept indoors or covered by geostatic material to keep out excess moisture. You need to turn and aerate the windrows to stimulate microbial production by oxygenating the soil, but moisture damages and slows this process. The structure protecting your compost does not need to be complicated. A simple building with a roof is sufficient to keep out most precipitation. For aeration, your farm can utilize a piping system built directly into the concrete. A floor-based aeration system reduces odors, which can be a community concern, and decreases the time it takes to produce compost.

Large-scale compost turners from SCARAB International

If you are thinking of starting a large-scale composting program on your farm, contact SCARAB International for more information. We manufacture custom compost turners that will fit your specific needs. We offer a variety of compost machines, including New, Used, and Refurbished options. We also offer leasing options for our compost turners to ensure that you get the best possible product for your operations. Call us today at (806) 883-7621 or Contact Us by email to learn more about our high-quality compost turners.